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bRi“‡ji mvwnZ¨ PP©vi avivwU gymwjg mvwnZ¨
mgv‡Ri †jLK‡`i DØy× K‡i| ïay gymwjg
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cÖfvweZ K‡i| K‡jv‡ji Zi“Y †jL‡Kiv
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g‡bvfw½ I cÖKvkfw½i w`K †_‡K| Avi wØZxq
gvbyl bRi“j|Ó4
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aviv †_‡K †ewi‡q GKwU ¯^Zš¿ Kve¨avivi m„wó
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iPbv Ki‡jb Ôeuvab-nvivÕ, Ôg„Zz¨¶zavÕ I
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bRi“j Aek¨B Ab¨vb¨‡`i †_‡K e¨wZµg|
Zvivk¼i e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
cÖgy‡Li Dcb¨v‡m KqjvLwbi kªgRxex gvbyl I
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†h cÖKvk N‡U‡Q Zv‡Z evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Zuviv
MYgyLx Jcb¨vwmK wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| wKš‘ GB
avivi Dcb¨v‡mi cw_K…r wn‡m‡e hw` †Kvb †jL‡Ki
bvg D‡jL Ki‡Z nq wZwb n‡jb KvRx bRi“j
Bmjvg| †Kbbv, Zvivk¼i, gvwbK
e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi MYgyLx Dcb¨vm iwPZ nevi
Av‡MB bRi“‡ji Ôg„Zz¨¶zavÕ Dcb¨vmwU iwPZ
n‡q‡Q| †L‡U LvIqv mvaviY gvby‡li ¶zav-`vwi‡`ª¨i
Awfe¨w³i wkígq cÖKvk N‡U‡Q G Dcb¨v‡m
cu¨vKv‡j, †gR †eŠ, Kzwk© BZ¨vw` Pwi‡Îi
ga¨ w`‡q| bRi“‡ji Ôg„Zz¨¶zavÕ (1930)
cÖKvwkZ nevi Av‡M mmgv‡Ri wbæ‡kªYxi †L‡U
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wQj bv| mvwn‡Z¨i cÖv½‡b Zviv wQj cÖvq
A¯ú„k¨|5 wKš‘ bRi“j g„Zz¨¶zav Dcb¨v‡mi
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SMovi †h wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb Zv G‡Kev‡i
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†Quvqv‡Q †iv‡Mi GB msKxY© g‡bvfve †h
gvby‡li g‡a¨ gvivZ¥K e¨eav‡bi m„wó K‡i‡Q
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G‡Ki `yt‡L Ab¨‡K mvnvh¨I K‡i| †jL‡Ki
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gymjgvb‡`i cÖ_g cÖqvm| G Dcb¨v‡mB cÖ_gev‡ii
gZ †`kxq kªgRxwe gvbyl‡`i j¶ Kiv hvq| bRi“‡ji
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K‡i‡Qb| GQvov Zuvi iwPZ cÖ_g Dcb¨vm
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gymwjg Jcb¨vwm‡Ki iwPZ cÖ_g Dcb¨vm|7 A_P
Zuvi mgKvjxb A‡bK kw³gvb †jL‡Ki †jLvqI Zv j¶
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Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i -
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wQj †h cwigv‡Y †m cwigv‡Y cÖ¯‘Z wQj bv| GB
e¨¯—Zvq †m †h AvMÖ‡n cvV K‡i‡Q Avš—R©vwZK
mvwnZ¨ †mB Abymv‡i cvV K‡iwb †`‡ki Rxeb‡K|8
K‡jvj mvwnZ¨ †¶‡Î †h we‡`ªvn K‡i‡Q Zv g~jZ
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cÖMwZev‡` BD‡ivcxq cÖ_g wek¦hy× cieZx© †gvnwePz¨wZ
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d‡j Zv‡`i cÖMwZev` we‡iva Avb‡jI wec‡ei c‡_
PvwjZ Ki‡Z cv‡i wb|9 bRi“j GB K‡jvj‡Mvôxi
GKRb n‡qI wb‡R‡K Ges wb‡Ri cÖwZfv‡K GB
we‡iv‡a mxgve× iv‡Lb wb| eis GB we‡iva †_‡K
wb‡R‡K gy³ K‡i Av‡iv gnËi msMÖvg †PZbvi m‡½
hy³ K‡ib|10
Avm‡j bRi“j wQ‡jb mgq I mgvR-m‡PZb †jLK| ZvB
K‡jv‡ji n‡qI K‡jv‡ji †jLK‡`i †_‡K Avjv`v
n‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb| cÖ_g †_‡KB ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK
I A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’vi cÖwZ bRi“‡ji wQj Zx² `„wó|
Zuvi wZbwU Dcb¨v‡mi welqe¯‘i w`‡K ZvKv‡j
Avgiv †hb †mB hy‡Mi cÖwZ”QweB †`L‡Z cvB|
Ôg„Zz¨¶zavÕ Dcb¨vm †hgb wbæ‡kªYxi kªgRxex `wi`ª
gymjgvb I wLª÷vb‡`i Rxeb‡K †K›`ª K‡i M‡o
D‡V‡Q †Zgwb ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vj‡bi cUf~wg‡Z iwPZ
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m¤£vš— Rwg`v‡ii GKgvÎ cyÎ| Rvnv½xi mš¿vmev`x
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K‡ib †h, gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ †Zgb †Kvb †bZv †bB
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wek¦vmx Ges AZ¨š— `ytmvnmx| Kv‡RB Zv‡`i‡K
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cvi‡e| cÖg‡Ëi g‡Zv bRi“‡jiI g‡b n‡qwQj †h,
wn›`y gymwjg mv¤cÖ`vwqK we‡f` _vK‡j fviZe‡l©i
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D‡jL †bB| Kv‡RB ev¯—‡e †hLv‡b gymjgvb hye‡Ki
mf¨ Kiv n‡Zv bv †mLv‡b gymjgvb hyeK‡K mf¨ K‡i
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cÖkœ RvMv A¯^vfvweK bq| Gi Rev‡e ejv hvq †h,
bRi“j Avm‡j bxwZMZ I Av`k©MZ fv‡e †`Lv‡Z
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gymjgvbI bq| wbcxwoZ, wbh©vwZZ, wn›`y
gymjgvb Dfq m¤cÖ`vqB nj fviZevmx| Ges GB
wn›`y gymjgv‡bi mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póv‡ZB m¤¢e e„wUk
miKvi‡K DrL¨vZ K‡i ¯^‡cœi fviZel© cÖwZôv Kiv|
mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© bRi“‡ji ci †_‡KB evsjv Mí I
Dcb¨v‡m wn›`y gymjgvb Dfq m¤cÖ`vq Zv‡`i wbR¯^
ˆewkó¨ I m¤cÖxwZ wb‡q wea„Z nevi my‡hvM
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Dcb¨v‡mi †¶‡Î bRi“j e„nËg gvbeZvi cÖwZwbwa|
evsjv K_vmvwn‡Z¨ mvaviY ¯—‡ii bi-bvix‡`i wb‡q
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e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡q †c‡qwQ, †m avivi bi-bvix‡`i gy‡Li
fvlvq A_©vr MYgyLx fvlvi AMÖcw_KI bRi“j|
bRi“j g~jZ Kwe| Kv‡RB Zuvi g‡a¨ Av‡e‡Mi
cÖvavb¨ _vKvUvB ¯^vfvweK| wKš‘ hZB ü`qv‡eM _vKzK
bv †Kb wZwb hv ej‡Z †P‡q‡Qb, hv‡`i K_v ej‡Z
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fvlvq ejvi †Póv K‡i‡Qb| hvi d‡j Lye mn‡RB
wZwb cvVK‡`i KvQvKvwQ †cuŠQv‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb| nx‡i›`ª
bvivqY gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi fvlvq ÒwKQy w`b c~‡e© †gvm‡jg
fvi‡Z bRi“‡ji c‡Îvcb¨vm Ôeuvab-nvivÕ Ges
e½xq gymjgvb mvwnZ¨ cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj
Ôe¨_vi `vbÕ| Zuvi Av‡eM DÏvg fvlv I cÖKvk
fw½i ˆewkó cvVK mgvR‡K gy» K‡i|Ó11
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GwU GKwU c‡Îvcb¨vm| G ai‡Yi Dcb¨v‡m Pwi‡Îi
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h_v_©B e‡j‡Qb, ÒbRi“‡ji mgMÖ e¨w³‡Z¡i cwiPq
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Ôeuvab-nvivÕ bvgwU G Dcb¨v‡mi cÖK…wZ Ges
MÖš’Kv‡ii gvb‡mwZnv‡mi cwiPq enb Ki‡Q|Ó12
bRi“j Zuvi Dcb¨v‡mi fvlvi g‡a¨ †h
†`wk-we‡`wk Zrmg, Z™¢e BZ¨vw` bZzb bZzb kã
Ges Dcgv Dr‡cÖ¶v, AbycÖvm cÖ‡qv‡Mi †Póv K‡i‡Qb
Zv Aek¨B cÖksmbxq| ÒM‡`¨i gva¨‡g Av‡jvKcv‡Zi
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†ewk, Zvi Av‡e`b cvV‡Ki Áv‡bi Kv‡Q bq
Abyf~wZi cÖwZ| A‡_©i †P‡q Bw½‡Zi gwngvq Zuvi
M`¨ AwaKZi kw³kvjx| Zuvi M`¨ Avðh© GK PgK I
J¾¡‡j¨i wecyj is evnvi| cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q Zuvi
M‡`¨i Av‡eM AcÖwZ‡iva¨| myZivs †kl ch©š— GB
wm×vš— Uvbv hvq, bRi“j †h M`¨ wj‡L‡Qb Zv
w`‡q gvby‡li RwUj A_©bxwZi cÖeÜ †jLv hvq bv,
wKš‘ Zv w`‡q gvby‡li PwiÎ I wPË dzwU‡q †Zvjv
hvq| A_©vr Zuvi KweZvi g‡Zv Zuvi M`¨
iPbvejxI evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i ¯’vqx I g~j¨evb
m¤ú`|Ó13
Dcb¨v‡m Avgiv GKRb †jL‡Ki gvbm Qwe †`Lvi
cÖZ¨vkv Kwi| bRi“‡ji wZbwU Dcb¨v‡mB Zuvi
Kg©eûj Rxeb hvÎvi wewkóZv bvbv Abyl‡½
bvbviƒ‡c dz‡U D‡V‡Q| ZvB GKRb kw³gvb mvwnZ¨
wkíxiƒ‡c bRi“j‡K †`L‡Z n‡j Kve¨mvwn‡Z¨i
cvkvcvwk mgKvjxb hyM cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z GKRb
Jcb¨vwmK wn‡m‡eI Zuvi wZbwU Dcb¨vm m¤ú‡K©B
AewnZ nIqv GKvš— cÖ‡qvRb|
Z_¨wb‡`©k
1.
mybxjKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq; Kwe dii“L Avng`,
bI‡ivR wKZvwe¯—vb, 1g msL¨v, 1969 Ryb, c„.
9|
2. wek¦bv_ †` (m¤úvw`Z); bRi“j ¯§„wZ,
cybg©y`ªY, 1983, c„. 117|
3. mykxj Kzgvi ¸ß; bRi“j PwiZ gvbm,
cwigvwR©Z I cwiewa©Z ms¯‹iY, fviZxq, Avwk¦b,
1370, c„. 22|
4. AwPš—¨Kzgvi †mb¸ß; K‡jvj hyM, KjKvZv,
1395, c„. 47|
5. mvjvg AvRv` (m¤úvw`Z); bRi“j ¯§viK MÖš’,
1g cÖKvk 1999, c„. 71|
6. KvRx me¨mvPx, Kj¨vYx KvRx I wek¦bv_ †`
(m¤úvw`Z); bRi“j-Dcb¨vm mgMÖ, 1g cÖKvk
kªveY, 1384, c„. 204|
7. kvwn`v Av³vi; c~e© I cwðg evsjvi Dcb¨vm,
ev/G, XvKv, 1992, c„. 20|
8. m‡ivR e‡›`¨vcva¨vq; evsjv Dcb¨v‡mi
Kvjvš—i, 1g ms¯‹iY, kªveY 1368, c„. 281|
9. c~‡e©v³; c„. 34|
10. c~‡e©v³; c„. 34|
11. mvjvg AvRv` (m¤úvw`Z); bRi“j ¯§viKMÖš’,
1g cÖKvk 1999, c„. 71|
12. wek¦bv_ †` (m¤úvw`Z); bRi“j ¯§„wZ,
c~‡e©v³, c„. 165|
13. nvmvb ivkx`yj nK; cy¯—K mgv‡jvPbv, evsjv
GKv‡Wgx cwÎKv, PZz_© el©, ˆekLv-Avlvp, 1376,
c„. 131|
|
