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Empedocles
Agrigentum-G
GKwU Aa¨vq Av‡Q †hLv‡b wZwb Zvi c~e©Zb
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WªyBW‡mi (Druids)
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lvUwU b`x cvi n‡qwQj, Avwg mgy‡`ªi †dbvi gv‡S
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Avwg wQjvg GK Av‡jv, Avwg wQjvg GKwU MvQ, eB‡qi
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GBiƒc: ÒAvwg wQjvg †mB ˆmwbK †h Nywg‡qwQj/
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Rb¥vš—iev`
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cÖvPxi‡K Nl‡Z Nl‡Z ¶q K‡i †d‡j ZLb gnvKv‡ji
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Av‡MB wba©vwiZ n‡q Av‡Q| hw` GUvB N‡U _vK †h
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Øviv, Ggwbfv‡e Pj‡ZB _vK‡e, †Kej GB eY©gvjvi
†kl Av‡Q wKš‘ †Kvb ïi“ †bB| †eŠ× I wn›`yiv,
mvaviYfv‡e, GKwU Abš—Rxe‡b wek¦vm K‡i| Zviv
wek¦vm K‡i †h eZ©gv‡bi GB gyn~Z©wU‡Z G‡m †cŠuQv‡Z
Avgv‡`i Abš—Kvj cvwo w`‡Z n‡q‡Q| Abš—Kvj ej‡Z
Avwg Awbw`©ó ev AmsL¨ †evSvw”Q bv, Avwg †evSvw”Q
mxgvnxb|
gvby‡li Rb¨ mywbwשó †h QqwU cwiYwZ i‡q‡Q Ñ
Zvi GKwU nj †m Amyi n‡Z cv‡i, n‡Z cv‡i GKwU
e„¶ ev cÖvYx - me‡P‡q KwVb nj gvbyl nIqv,
Avi Avgv‡`i DwPr wb‡R‡`i i¶v Kivi Rb¨ GB
gvbeiƒ‡ci m‡e©vËg e¨envi Kiv|
ey× Kíbv K‡i‡Qb mgy‡`ªi Zj‡`‡k GKwU wekvj
K”Qc i‡q‡Q, Avi i‡q‡Q GKwU fvmgvb K¼b ev nv‡Zi
evjv| cÖwZ QqkZ eQ‡i K”QcwU GKevi Zvi gv_v †ei
K‡i| hw` †m evjvwUi wfZi w`‡q gv_vwU Mwj‡q
†`q, Z‡e Zv n‡e Af~Zc~e© NUbv| Z‡e ey× e‡j‡Qb,
gvbyl n‡q Rb¥MÖnY Kiv K”Q‡ci H K¼‡bi wfZi
w`‡q gv_v Mjv‡bvi gZB GKwU weij NUbv| Z_vwc
wbe©vY jv‡fi Av‡M Avgv‡`i gvbyl n‡q Rb¥MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e|
hw` Avgiv GKRb Ck¦‡ii aviYv evwZj K‡i w`B,
hw` ewj Ggb †Kvb e¨vw³MZ Ck¦i †bB whwb GB
gnvwek¦‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb, Z‡e Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi
Drm Kx, Avgv‡`i `yÏ©kviB ev Kx KviY? GUv‡KB
ey× e‡j‡Qb †Rb †eŠ×ag©| Ô†RbÕ kãwU A™¢~Z †VK‡Z
cv‡i, Z‡e Avgiv Ab¨ †hme kã Rvwb Zvi mv‡_
GwU‡K Zzjbv K‡i †`Le|
Avmyb Avgiv fvwe, D`vniY¯^iƒc aiv hvK, †kv‡cbnvIqv‡ii
B”Qvc~i‡Yi K_v Ñ wZwb c„w_ex‡K B”Qvkw³ I
B”Qvi Dc¯’vcbv wn‡m‡e †f‡ewQ‡jb -
Die Welt als
Wille und Vorstellung|
Avgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki g‡a¨ GKwU B”Qvkw³ Aw¼Z
Av‡Q, Avi †m B”Qvi †h Dc¯’vcb - ZvB nj Avgv‡`i
G c„w_ex| GUv Avgiv Ab¨vb¨ `vkw©bK gZev‡`
wewfbœ bv‡g †`L‡Z cvB| evM©mb élan
vital Gi
K_v e¨³ K‡ib| RR© evb©vW© k G‡K e‡jb Rxe‡bi
kw³ - hv g~jZt GKB| Z‡e evM©mb I evb©vW© k‡qi
g‡a¨ GKwU cv_©K¨ Av‡Q : evM©mb I evb©vW© k‡qi
élan vital
n‡”Q Ggb GKwU kw³ hv Avgiv Av‡ivc Kwi Ñ
Avgiv c„w_exi ¯^cœ †`‡L Pwj, Avi wbg©vY K‡i
Pwj c„w_ex‡K| †kv‡cbnvIqvi, bgª †kv‡cbnvIqv‡ii
Avi ey‡×i Kv‡Q c„w_ex GKwU ¯^cœ ˆe wKQz bq|
Avgv‡`i DwPr GB ¯^cœ †`Lv eÜ Kiv, Avi cÖej
cÖ‡Póvi ØvivB Avgiv Zv eÜ Ki‡Z cvwi| Avgv‡`i
Kv‡Q Av‡Q `yÏ©kvi bxwZgvjv hv‡K Avgiv †Rb †eŠ×ag©
ej‡Z cvwi| Ô†RbÕ Rxeb m„wó K‡i Avi Rxeb cÖPÊ
†fvMvwš—i wkKvi| Zvn‡j RxebaviY ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
RxebaviY ej‡Z ‡evQvq Rb¥MÖnY Kiv, e„× nIqv,
Amy¯’ nIqv Avi g„Zz¨eiY Kiv Ñ Ab¨vb¨ `yt‡Li
K_v bv nq bvB ejvg, hvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q me‡P‡q
gg©vwš—K †mB hvZbv hv ey× †c‡qwQ‡jb Ñhv‡`i
fvjevwm Zv‡`i mv‡_ _vK‡Z bv cvivi hš¿Yv|
Avgv‡`i DwPr Kvgbv‡K wemR©b †`qv| AvZ¥nZ¨v †Kvb
mgvavb bq, †Kbbv Zv AZ¨š— Av‡e‡Mi KvR| †h
gvbyl AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i, †m ¯^‡cœi c„w_ex‡Z i‡q
hvq| Avgv‡`i GB Dcjwä‡Z †cŠQv‡Z n‡e †h c„w_ex
n‡”Q GKwU Ac”Qvqv, GKwU ¯^cœ; Rxeb n‡”Q GKwU
¯^cœ| Z‡e Avgv‡`i‡K Zv Mfxifv‡e Abyaveb Ki‡Z
n‡e, a¨v‡bi P”P©vi ga¨ w`‡q †m Dcjwä‡Z †cŠQv‡Z
n‡e| †eŠ× gw›`i¸‡jv‡Z †hvMmvabvi ev a¨v‡bi
GKwU welq nj GBiƒc: be¨ `xw¶Z Zvi Rxe‡bi
cÖwZwU g~ûZ© evuP‡e G‡K cwic~Y©fv‡e Dc‡fvM
K‡i| †m Aek¨B wPš—v Ki‡e : ÒGLb `ycyi; GLb
Avwg D‡Vvb †ci“w”Q; GLb Avwg Ck¦‡ii †`Lv
cve|Ó gRvi e¨vcvi GKB m‡½ Zv‡K fve‡Z n‡e `ycyi‡ejv,
D‡Vvb, Ck¦i meB Aev¯—e, Zvi I Zvi wPš—vi gZB
Aev¯—e, †Kbbv †eŠ×ag© ÔAvwgÕ †K A¯^xKvi K‡i|
GB ÔAvwgÕ n‡”Q GKwU g¯— avuav| G‡¶‡Î †eŠ×ag©
wnDg, †kv‡cbnvIqvi Ges Avgv‡`i wbR¯^ †gwm‡WvwbI
dvY©v‡›`‡Ri mv‡_ HK¨gZ †Nvlbv K‡i| †Kvb wel‡qi
Aw¯—Z¡ †bB; hvi Aw¯—Z¡ Av‡Q Zv nj gvbwmK
Ae¯’vi GKwU AveZ©| hw` Avwg fvwe †h ÔAvwg
wPš—v KwiÕ Z‡e Avwg GKwU fyj KiwQ, †Kbbv
Avwg GKwU welq‡K w¯’i Abygvb KiwQ Ges Abygvb
KiwQ †mB wel‡qi wµqv, hv nj wPš—v| GUv GiKg
wKQz bq| Avgv‡`i ejv DwPr, wnDg †hgb e‡j‡Qb
ÔAvwg wPš—v KwiÕ bq, eis ejv fvj ÔGUv wQj
wPš—vÕ, †hgb †KD e‡j Ôe„wó n‡”QÕ| Avgiv hLb
ewj Ôe„wó n‡”QÕ ZLb Avgiv GUv †evSvB bv †h
e„wó †Kvb KvR msNwUZ Ki‡Q eis GUvB †evSvB
wKQz GKUv NU‡Q| †hfv‡e Avgiv ewj ÔGUv
DËßÕ ev ÔGUv kxZjÕ, GKBfv‡e Avgv‡`i ejv DwPr
ÔGUv wPš—vkxjÕ, IUv fyM‡QÕ Ges Gfv‡e welqwU‡K
Gwo‡q hvIqv |
†eŠ× gV¸‡jv‡Z bexb wf¶ziv K‡Vvi k„•Ljvi ga¨
w`‡q hvq| †h †KD †h †Kvb gyn~‡Z© gV †Q‡o P‡j
†h‡Z cv‡i| Avgv‡K GgbI ejv n‡q‡Q Kvi Kx bvg
†mUvI †KD j¶ K‡i bv| be¨ `xw¶‡Ziv g‡V cÖ‡ek
K‡i Ges wb‡R‡`i K‡Vvi cwikª‡gi wfZi wb‡¶c K‡i|
†KD hw` Nywg‡q c‡o Z‡e Zviv Zv‡K wgwbU c‡bi
c‡iB RvwM‡q †`q, Zv‡K ZLb Svo‡cvl I
cwi”QbœZvi KvR Ki‡Z nq, hw` †m cybe©vi Nywg‡q
c‡o Z‡e Zviv Zv‡K KwVb kvw¯— †`q| Gfv‡e †m µgvMZ
wPš—v Ki‡e – Z‡e Zvi cv‡ci K_v bq, eis
mewKQzi AjxKZ¡, Aev¯—eZv wb‡q| Aev¯—‡ei GK
mvabvq Aby¶Y wb‡R‡K e¨c„Z ivL‡Z nq|
Avgiv Gevi †Rb †eŠ×ag© I GKRb gnvb
ag©cÖPviKvix †evwaag©v m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kie|
cÂg kZvãx‡Z †evwaag©v fviZ †_‡K Px‡b ågY K‡ib|
†mLv‡b wZwb Ggb GKRb ivRvi †`Lv †c‡jb whwb †eŠ×ag©‡K
cÖwZcvjb I i¶v K‡ib| mgªv&U †h mKj gV I
cÖv_©bvM„n ˆZix K‡iwQ‡jb Ges †m¸‡jv‡Z hZ
bexb `xw¶Z a‡g©i `x¶v wbw”Qj - †m¸‡jvi msL¨v
D‡jL Ki‡jb| †evwaag©v mgªvU‡K e‡jb : ÒG me
wKQzB n‡”Q gvqv, GK AjxK RM‡Zi Ask| H gV I
g‡Vi wf¶ziv, Avcwb ev Avwg †hgb AjxK, †Zgwb
AjxK ev gvqv|Ó Gici wZwb GKwU †`qv‡ji mv‡_
wcV †VwK‡q a¨v‡b e‡m †M‡jb|
Zvui wk¶v Rvcv‡b †cŠQvj Ges wewfbœ †Mv‡Î
wef³ n‡h coj, hvi wfZ‡i me‡P‡q weL¨vZ nj †Rb
†eŠ×ag©| †Rb †eŠ×a‡g© Av‡jvwKZ nevi GKwU
c×wZ Zviv Lyu‡R †c‡q‡Q| A‡bK eQ‡ii a¨vb I
mvabvi †k‡l GUv AR©b Kiv hvq| GUv nVvr K‡iB
Av‡m, GUv †Kvb ˆbqvwqK c×wZi Ave‡Z©i P~ovš—
cwiYwZ bq| GKRb nVvr K‡iB mZ¨‡K Avwe¯‹vi K‡ib|
GB cÖwµqv‡K ejv nq mv‡Uvwi Ges Gi g‡a¨ Av‡Q
Ggb GKwU Djçb, hv mKj hyw³i evB‡i|
Avgiv me©`vB
D‡Ïk¨-we‡aq, KviY-djvdj, hyw³-hyw³nxbZv,
GKwU e¯‘ I Zvi wecixZ Ñ Gfv‡e fvwe| Avgv‡`i
GmKj †kªYxKi‡Yi D‡×© DV‡Z n‡e| †Rb †eŠ×a‡g©i
¸i“‡`i g‡Z AvPgKv D™¢vwmZ n‡q m‡Z¨ †cŠQv‡bvi
Rb¨ hyw³nxb DËi LuyR‡Z n‡e| bexb wk¶v_x© Zvi
¸i“‡K wR‡Ám K‡i Òey× KxÓ? ¸i“ DËi †`b : ÒmvB‡cÖm
e„¶ n‡”Q `ªv¶vKzÄÓ| Ggb GKwU DËi hv m¤ú~Y©Z
hyw³nxb, wKš‘ hv mZ¨ D‡b¥vwPZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| be¨
`xw¶Z wR‡Ám K‡i †evwaag©v †Kb cwðg †_‡K G‡m‡Qb?
¸i“ DËi †`b ÔwZb cvDÊ KvcoÕ| GB k㸇jv †Kvb
iƒcK A_©I enb K‡ibv; Zviv Aš—Á©vb ev Dcjwä‡K
nVvr RvMÖZ Kivi Rb¨ A_©nxb DËi| GwU GKwU
nVvr AvNvZI n‡Z cv‡i| be¨ `xw¶Z wKQz wR‡Ám
Kij Avi ¸i“ Zv‡K K‡l Po jvMv‡jb| †evwaag©v‡K
wN‡i GKwU Kvwnbx Av‡Q - hw`I Zv †jvKgy‡L †kvbv
- Zey GLv‡b ejv hvq|
†evwaag©vi m‡½ GKRb wkl¨ wQ‡jb †h µgvMZ cÖkœ
wR‡Ám KiZ, Avi †evwaag©v KL‡bv †Kvb DËi w`‡Zb
bv| wkl¨wU a¨v‡bi †Póv K‡i Ges Gi wKQz mgq
c‡i †m Zvi evg evû †K‡U ¸i“i Kv‡Q Dc¯’vcb
Kij G cÖgvY wn‡m‡e †h †m Zvui wkl¨ n‡Z Pvq|
¸i“ DcnviwUi cÖwZ we›`ygvÎ †Kvb g‡bv‡hvM bv
w`‡q - †Kbbv P~ovš— wePv‡i mewKQzB Ro e¯‘,
AjxK e¯‘ - Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, ÒZzwg Kx PvI?Ó
wkl¨wU DËi w`j : ÒAvwg `xN©mgq a‡i Avgvi gb‡K
Lyu‡R †eovw”Qjvg, wKš‘ Avwg Zv Lyu‡R cvBwb|Ó
ZLb ¸i“ DËi w`‡jb : ÒZzwg †mUv Lyu‡R cvIwb †Kbbv
Zvi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ †bB|Ó †mB gyn~‡Z© wkl¨wU mZ¨
Abyaveb Kij, GUv Dcjwä Kij †h †h‡nZz ÔAvwgÕ
Aw¯—Z¡nxb, †m‡nZz mewKQzB AjxK| GLv‡b Avgiv,
Kg †ekx, †Rb †eŠ×a‡g©i mvieËv Abyaveb Kijvg|
GKwU ag©xq
gZev`‡K mwe¯—v‡i e¨vL¨v Kiv Lye KwVb, we‡kl
K‡i Ggb GKwU ag© hv Avwg wb‡R aviY Kwi bv|
Avgvi g‡Z †eŠ×a‡g© hv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Zv Gi wewea
†cŠivwYK Kvwnbx bq, eis Gi k„•Ljv, Gi weavb
: GwU Ggb GKwU k„•Ljv hv Avgv‡`i Avq‡Ëi g‡a¨
Ges hv AvqË Ki‡Z Avgv‡`i mbœ¨vmx nevi cÖ‡qvRb
†bB| GUv Avgv‡`i‡K †fv‡Mi Rxeb cwiZ¨vM Ki‡ZI
e‡jbv| GUv hv `vex K‡i Zv nj a¨vb, Avi Avgv‡`i
AZx‡Zi mg¯— Rxeb, Avgv‡`i cv‡ci mv‡_ GB a¨v‡bi
†Kvb m¤úK© †bB|
†Rb †eŠ×a‡g©i a¨v‡bi GKwU welq nj GUv fvev
†h Avgv‡`i AZxZ Rxeb GKwU cÖ‡nwjKv| Avwg hw`
GKRb †eŠ× wf¶z nZvg Z‡e Avwg fveZvg GB gyn~‡Z©
Avgvi Rxeb ïi“ nj Avi †ev‡n©‡mi Av‡Mi mg¯—
Rxeb GKwU ¯^cœ, gnvwe‡k¦i mg¯— BwZnvmB GKwU
¯^cœ| eyw×e„wËK Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv Avgiv
†Rb †_‡K gy³ n‡Z cvwi| hLb Avgiv
Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvwi †h ÔAvwgÕi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ †bB,
Avgiv ZLb Avi GUv fvee bv †h Avwg myLx n‡Z
cvwi A_ev Avgv‡`i KvR nj G‡K myLx Kiv| Avgiv
cwic~Y© cÖkvwš—i GK ¯—‡i DbœxZ ne| G K_v
ejvi A_© GB bq †h, wbe©vYjvf Kiv wPš—v‡K
wejyß Kivi mgZzj¨| Gi GKwU eo cÖgvY ey‡×i †jŠwKK
Kvwnbxv| cweÎ wccj Mv‡Qi wb‡P e‡m ey×
wbe©vb jvf Ki‡jb Gic‡iI wZwb †eu‡P wQ‡jb
Ges Zvui weavb eûeQi a‡i Ab¨‡`i wk¶v w`‡q
†M‡Qb|
wbe©vYjvf ej‡Z
Avgiv Kx eywS? mv`vgvUv K_vq Gi A_© Avgv‡`i
Kg© Avi †Kvb †iLvcvZ K‡i bv| hZ¶Y Avgiv GB
c„w_ex‡Z AvwQ ZZ¶Y Avgiv Kg©dj †fvM Kie| Avg‡`i
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvR GKwU gvbwmK KvVv‡gvi mv‡_
A½vw½fv‡e RwoZ hvi bvg n‡”Q Kg©dj| hLb Avgiv
wbe©vYjvf Kwi ZLb Avgv‡`i KvR Avi †Kvb †iLvcvZ
K‡i bv; Avgiv gy³ nB| mvay AMvw÷b e‡j‡Qb
Avgiv hLb gyw³jvf Kwi, ZLb Avg‡`i fvj ev g›`
wb‡q wPš—v Kivi †Kvb KviY †bB| †Kvbiƒc wPš—v
Kiv QvovB Avgiv fvj KvR Ki‡Z _vKe|
wbe©vY Kx|
cvðv‡Z¨ †eŠ×ag© †h g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y K‡i‡Q Zvi
A‡bKLvwbB GB PgrKvi kãwUi hv`y‡Z| GUv wek¦vm
Ki‡Z Kó nq †h GB kãwU‡Z †Zgb g~j¨evb wKQz †bB|
kvwãK A‡_© wbe©vY n‡”Q wbe©vcb, wbwf‡q †djv|
GUv Abygvb Kiv hvq hLb †KD wbe©vY jvf K‡ib
ZLb wZwb wbe©vwcZ nb| hLb Kv‡iv g„Zz¨ nq
wZwb wbe©vYjvf K‡ib Avi Zvici N‡U wejywß| hv‡nvK,
GKRb Aw÷ªqvb cÖvP¨ev`x j¶¨ K‡i‡Qb †h †MŠZg
ey× Zvui mg‡qi c`v_©we`¨vi Ávb‡K e¨envi K‡i‡Qb,
Avi ZLbKvi wbe©vc‡bi aviYv AvR‡Ki w`‡bi
wbe©vc‡Yi aviYvi mv‡_ GK bq| ZLb GUv fvev nZ
†h GKwU Av¸‡bi wkLv hLb wbe©vwcZ nq ZLb Zv
cy‡ivcywi AcmvwiZ nq bv| GUv Ab¨ †Kvbiƒ‡c
wU‡K _v‡K| †m‡nZz wbe©vY A_© wejywß bq, Gi
A_© Avgiv Ab¨ †Kvbiƒ‡c wU‡K _vwK; Ggb GKwU
iƒ‡c, hv Avgv‡`i †evaMg¨ bq| mvaviYfv‡e †hvMmbœ¨vmx‡`i
cÖZxKmg~n weevn msµvš— cÖZx‡Ki mv‡_ wg‡j hvq;
†eŠ×ag©vej¤^x‡`i cÖZxKmg~n Avjv`v| hLb †KD
wbe©v‡Yi K_v e‡jb wZwb wbe©v‡Yi myiv ev
wbe©v‡Yi †Mvjvc ev wbe©v‡Yi gayi Avwj½‡bi
K_v e‡jb bv| †KD nqZ GwU‡K GKwU Øx‡ci mv‡_
Zzjbv K‡i †h Øxc Abo, Ges Pvwiw`K †_‡K hš¿Yv
Øviv cwi‡ewóZ| GwU‡K Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q GKwU
DuPz ¯—¤¢ ev GKwU D`¨v‡bi mv‡_| GwU Ggb wKQz
hv Avgv‡`i Aw¯—‡Z¡i evB‡i, wb‡Ri wbq‡gB wU‡K
_v‡K|
AvR mܨvq Avwg hv ejvg Zv AvswkK| GUv ejv
nvm¨Ki n‡e †h Ggb GKwU agx©q gZev`‡K - hv
Aa¨q‡Y Avwg A‡bK¸‡jv eQi cvi K‡iwQ Ñ Avi
hvi mvgvb¨B Avwg Abyaveb Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ Zv
Avwg we¯—vwiZfv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ Ñ †hb
Avwg Avcbv‡`i hv`yN‡ii †Kvb cÖZœ †`Lvw”Q| †eŠ×ag©
hv`yN‡i iw¶Z †Kvb cÖZœm¤ú` bq; GwU AvZ¥vi
gyw³AR©‡bi GKwU c_| †Kej Avgvi Rb¨ bq, j¶ j¶
gvby‡li Rb¨| Avkv Kwi AvR mܨvq GB Av‡jvPbvi
gva¨‡g Avwg GB wel‡qi cÖwZ h_vh_ m¤§vb Rvbv‡Z
†c‡iwQ|
GB †jLv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi gš—e¨ ev mywPwš—Z AwfgZ wj‡L Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q †gBj
Ki“b| evsjvgvwUi cieZ©x msL¨vq Zv cÖKvk Kiv
n‡e|
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